CVE-2026-115889

Wasmtime: Bit-packing in Cranelift compiler causes silent overflow and miscompilation

Critical 9.9

Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to 36.0.19 and 43.0.0, the Cranelift compiler backend bit-packs SSA value indices in a way that can silently overflow in release builds when compiling a sufficiently large or specially crafted Wasm function with many SSA values. The overflow can make Cranelift reference incorrect IR values, causing arbitrary miscompilation, type confusion, and other attacker-controlled effects that may escape the Wasm sandbox on any architecture using the default Cranelift backend. This issue is fixed in versions 36.0.19 and 43.0.0.

Assigner
GitHub_M
Published
2026-10-23
Updated
2026-10-23
Reserved
2026-10-23

Seen in other sources

Scores

SourceCVSSScoreSeverityVector
GitHub_M3.19.9CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weaknesses

Affected

VendorProductVersions
bytecodealliance wasmtime < 36.0.19 (affected)
>= 37.0.0, < 43.0.0 (affected)

References

Full CVE JSON record (5.2)

API · GitHub · cve.org

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "wasmtime",
          "vendor": "bytecodealliance",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 36.0.19"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 37.0.0, \u003c 43.0.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to 36.0.19 and 43.0.0, the Cranelift compiler backend bit-packs SSA value indices in a way that can silently overflow in release builds when compiling a sufficiently large or specially crafted Wasm function with many SSA values. The overflow can make Cranelift reference incorrect IR values, causing arbitrary miscompilation, type confusion, and other attacker-controlled effects that may escape the Wasm sandbox on any architecture using the default Cranelift backend. This issue is fixed in versions 36.0.19 and 43.0.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.9,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-197",
              "description": "CWE-197: Numeric Truncation Error",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-843",
              "description": "CWE-843: Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (\u0027Type Confusion\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-23T21:23:27.669Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-897f-g5gm-fmxm",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-897f-g5gm-fmxm"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/12613",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/12613"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/14818",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/14818"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/commit/ba8f7d70caa1825b7f64fa75cd9d03f4a438dae0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/commit/ba8f7d70caa1825b7f64fa75cd9d03f4a438dae0"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/commit/f517bd6e890c7c1291ab9fe05d8cc0c9f11e56aa",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/commit/f517bd6e890c7c1291ab9fe05d8cc0c9f11e56aa"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v36.0.19",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v36.0.19"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v43.0.0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v43.0.0"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-897f-g5gm-fmxm",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Wasmtime: Bit-packing in Cranelift compiler causes silent overflow and miscompilation"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-115889",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-23T21:23:27.669Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-10-23T19:37:27.176Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-23T21:23:27.669Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}